Middle+Ages+Artifacts


 * Cassoronne Castle || **Urban the II Proposing the First Crusad**e ||
 * [[image:Carcassonne_Castle.jpg width="339" height="295" align="center"]] || [[image:Ubran_II_Propsing_crusade.jpg align="center"]] ||
 * This photograph shows Carcassonne Castle. During the times of Feudalism castles were a symbol of wealth. Feudal lords lived in castles like this one. This castle was built in the 12th century in a town France. Carcassonne Castle was conquered by Simon de Montfort IV in 1209, but many other attacks were sustained by this castle. Carcassonne was restored sometime in the 19th century.

Castles were a sign of wealth in the Middle Ages because only nobles and kings were able to live in such lavish ways. || This picture illustrates Urban II proposing the First Crusade to Council of Clermont. He wanted the Council of Clermont to allow Christian knights to aid the Byzantine Empire against the Seljuk Turks. This crusade was launched in 1096. The Crusaders arrived in the city of Constantinople in 1097.

The Crusades helped to bring more power to the church. The church had supreme power, next to the emperor in the Middle Ages. The Crusades also brought economic riches back to the lands that they were launched from. ||
 * Marriage Scene || Ruins of Staufen Castle ||
 * [[image:marriage.jpg width="308" height="401" align="center"]] || [[image:staufen_castle.jpg width="413" height="407"]] ||
 * This miniature depicts a marriage scene from a Swedish code of law around 1450. Marriage laws differed between countries, religions, and time periods. In some countries a woman could become a monarch but in others she couldn't, where as in some countries a boy is either voted to be a king or must turn to the Catholic church.

Marriage was an important aspect because it determined who would inherit what. || This photograph shows the ruins of the Staufen Castle. The Staufen castle was built in the year 1100 in Swabia, Germany. This castle was home to the Hohenstaufen dynasty.

Some of the rulers who lived here where thought to be the greatest rulers of the Holy Roman Empire. This castle also shows political power. ||
 * King Edward III || 100 Years War Treaty ||
 * [[image:King_Edward_III.jpg align="center"]] || [[image:100years.jpg width="421" height="405" align="center"]] ||
 * This photograph shows the bronze-gilted tomb of King Edward III of England. King Edward III was remembered mostly for his accomplishments in battle. Edward was the nephew of Charles IV, he came into the position of the throne when Charles died and didn't have a male successor. Edward was also the grandson of Phillip IV.

This bronze-gilted tomb shows the wealthiness of the king, bronze was very expensive, and to have to tomb made out of it, showed how much money you had. || This picture depicts a scene of the Hundred Years' War treaty being signed. The Hundred Years' war began in 1337 and ended in 1453, lasting over a century. The Hundred Years' War was between the French and the English.

The war damaged the countries' economy because money was needed to fund the wars, in the end, countries ended up being affected politically too. ||
 * Charlemagne's Palatine Chapel || Ploughing in the Middle Ages ||
 * [[image:Chapel.jpg align="center"]] || [[image:ploughing.jpg align="center"]] ||
 * This photograph shows the grand chapel that was built for Charlemagne. Construction on this chapel began in 786 and continued for over one thousand years. This chapel is the greatest example of Carolingian architecture still in existence. Today, the chapel is the center of Aachen Cathedral in Germany.

The fact that this chapel is still around today shows the importance of the church in people's lives. || This brown stone carved images depicts a scene of plowing in the Middle Ages. Farming was an important part of life then because if you didn't grow food or have serfs grow it for you, you wouldn't have any food and would eventually die. Most people were farmers during the Middle Ages. The plow was a revolution in the Middle Ages because it made farming easier and more productive.

Once people were able to produce more, people became healthier because they had more to eat. The plow increased the quality of life for people and it was one of the earliest agricultural inventions and has remained important in the farming life to this day, ||
 * Chain Mail and Plate Armor || Battle of Poitiers ||
 * [[image:chain_mail.JPG width="301" height="446" align="center"]] || [[image:100years_scene.jpg width="413" height="444" align="center"]] ||
 * This photograph shows chain mail and the first uses for plate armor. Chain mail was used a a defense in battle, chain mail could protect a knight from arrows, over time chain mail wasn't enough so the knights started packing on the plate armor, but it didn't protect them from the long bow.

Chain mail and plate armor was expensive for a knight to buy considering the fact that they had to protect their horse too. The use of chain mail and plate armor was needed because of the French advancements in battle. || This painting is a 15th-century depiction of the Battle of Poitiers, which makes it an example of medieval art. The Ballet of Poitiers took place during the 100 years war. This war took place between England and France and actually lasted over 100 years.

The 100 years war effected the countries involved. When the war was finally over, the French king gained power because his nation won, while the English king lost power because his nation lost. Both countries needed money to fund the war which took it's toll on the economy of the countries. ||